Patients with brain metastases were eligible if they

Thus, although the studies addressed valid ity of GPS in HCC patients, they did not provide sufficient evidence whether elevated GPS is prognostically efficient in all HCC patients, i. e. with different stages AP24534 FLT-3 阻害剤 of the disease and different liver functional statuses, and did not clarify which of the GPS is more suitable in regard to their discriminating ability and monoton icity of gradients. In the present study, we evaluated usefulness of both GPS and mGPS in prediction of overall survival in patients with HCC in various stages of the disease and different liver functional statuses, and compared obtained findings with those of other validated staging systems.

Methods Patients Two hundred and eight consecutive patients with newly diagnosed HCC treated at the Department of Gastroenter ology and Hepatology, Jikei University Daisan Hospital, between January 2005 and October AT-406 臨床試験 2011 were prospect ively enrolled and their medical records were retrospect ively reviewed. Twenty three patients were lost to follow up. Thirty five patients, whose entire set of laboratory data was not available, were excluded from the study. Patients who showed clinical evidence of infection or other in flammatory conditions were also excluded. In total, 150 patients with HCC were finally enrolled and evaluated. all were included in our previous study. The diagnosis of HCC was pathologically confirmed or was based on findings obtained by 4 phase multidetector computed tomography or dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Definitive diagnosis was made when a typical hallmark of HCC was observed in the contrast enhanced images.

Tumor related variables such as the maximal tumor diameter, Akt2 阻害剤 number, vascular invasion, and extra hepatic metastases were evaluated with the same imaging techniques. The clinical stage was determined according to the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan. This study complied with the standards of the Helsinki Declaration and current ethical guidelines and was approved by the institutional ethical board of the Jikei University Daisan Hospital. Written informed consent for participa tion in the study was not obtained from patients, because this study did not report on a clinical trial, and the data ware retrospective in nature and analyzed anonymously.

GPS and other variables Blood samples were obtained before commencement of treatment for CRP, serum albumin, asparate aminotrans ferase, alanine aminotransferase, total biliru bin, white blood cell count, platelet count, prothrombin time, indocyanine green dye re tention rate at 15 minutes, and fetoprotein levels. The CLIP score, JIS score, BCLC were calculated based on obtained results and imaging data. GPS and mGPS were described previously. Briefly, in GPS, patients with both an elevated CRP level and hypoalbuminemia were allocated a score of 2, patients with only one of these biochemical abnormal ities were allocated a score of 1, and patients with neither of these abnormalities were allocated a score of 0.